3-phosphorylthio acrylamides

ABSTRACT

NEW COMPOUNDS BELONGING TO THE GENERAL CLASS OF 3PHOSPHORYLTHIO ACRYLAMIDES. THEY CAN BE PREPARED BY REACTIONOF A PHOSPHOROUS ACID DERIVATIVE WITH AN ISOTHIAZOLONE HYDROCHLORIDE. THEY ARE BROAD SPECTRUM INSECTICIDES, MITICIDES AND NEMATOCIDES.

United States Patent US. Cl. 260-943 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE New compounds belonging to the general class of 3- phosphorylthio acrylamides. They can be prepared by reaction of a phosphorous acid derivative with an isothiazolone hydrochloride. They are broad spectrum insecticides, miticides and nematocides.

This application is a continuation-in-part of US. Ser. No. 162,010, filed July 12, 1971 which is a continuationin-part of US. Ser. No. 22,660, filed Mar. 25, 1970, now abandoned which in turn is a continuation-in-part of US. Ser. No. 807,445, filed Mar. 14, 1969, now abandoned. This invention is concerned with 3-phosphorylthio acrylamides of the general formula wherein R and R are individually selected from the group R0 or RS wherein R is alkyl or haloalkyl of 1 to carbon atoms or alkenyl of 3 to 5 carbon atoms, or the group RR"N wherein R' and R" are individually selected from alkyl groups of 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

R is hydrogen, halogen or alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

R and R are individually selected from (a) hydrogen,

(b) alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

(c) alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms substituted with halogen, cyano, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylthio, carboalkoxy groups of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, phenyl, morpholinyl, anilino or anilino substituted with halogen or nitro,

(d) alkenyl of 3 to 12 carbon atoms,

(e) alkynyl of 3 to 12 carbon atoms,

(f) cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms,

(a) p y (h) phenyl substituted with halogen, alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, nitro or alkyl sulfonyl wherein the alkyl group is 1 to 5 carbon atoms,

(i) benzyl,

(j) benzyl substituted with halogen, alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or nitro,

(k) alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms,

(1) the carbamyl group --C(X)NHR", wherein X is oxygen or sulfur, and R is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

(m) the -C(O)R group wherein R is (1) hydrogen,

(2) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms,

(3) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with halogen, thiocyano, alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkylthio of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, C to C alkoxy carbonyl, thiolacetyl, a benzyloxy group, a benzylthio group, phenyl, a phenoxy group, or a phenylthio group,

(4) alkenyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms,

3,787,536 Patented Jan. 22, 1974 (5) alkenyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with C to C alkoxy carbonyl, (6) alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, (7) C to C alkoxy carbonyl, or (8) phenyl, with the proviso that only one of R or R can he an alkoxy, the -C(X)NHR' or the C(O)R group, and (n) R and R taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached are the pyrrolidinyl, piperidino, morpholino, or the thiomorpholino group;

It is understood that all the hydrocarbyl groups defined above may be straight-chained or branched.

These compounds exist as geometrical isomers and can be in the cis form 34 o 011:9; 0 (R1) (R1)PS/ iiNR Pw (II) or the trans form 0 t iNR R CH=G (R1) a i S it (III) or mixtures of these. The compounds where R and R are alkoxy and the cis stereoisorners are preferred as insecticides and miticides.

Compounds having the structure of Formula I have not heretofore been reported in the literature. The most, closely related commercial insecticides are known by the trademarked names Azodrin and Eidrin. Azodrin has the structure (OHaOz) i O and Bidrin the structure i C N( a):

I i (CHaO)IP-O H Literature references on these structures include US. Pat. 2,802,855 and S. C. Lau, J. Ag. Food Chem. 14, (1966) It is to be noted that for these structures the most insecticidally active forms are considered to be the trans isomers with respect to the phosphoryl and carbonyl groups.

Japanese patent publication 636/65 discloses insecticidal properties for the compound C H O) P(O)SC( CH =CHC0NHCH The insecticidal properties of esters of the general formula '(RO) P(0)SC(R'):CHCOOR" have been described in British Pat. 892,326 and US. Pat. 3,059,014. The insecticidal properties of enol phosphates of the structure have been reviewed in Chemical Reviews 61, 631 (1961). US. Pat. 3,577,481 discloses insecticidal and miticidal properties for compounds of the structure The cis-3-phosphorylthio acrylamides of Formula II wherein R is hydrogen, I

(R l -SCH=C-C NHR (IV) may be prepared by reacting a phosphite of the structure (R (R POR with an isothiazolone hydrohalide, preferably a hydrochloride, in accordance with the following equation Formula IV RC1 wherein R and R have the above designations. A typical cyclizing agent is at least three mole equivalents of a halogenating agent such as chlorine, bromine or sulfuryl chloride. The reaction is conveniently carried out in an inert solvent, such as ethyl acetate and at 20-50 C. temperature. In some instances it is convenient to isolate the hydrohalide salt, such as the hydrochloride, from the reaction mixture and use it directly for reaction with a trialkyl or some other phosphite. In other cases it is more convenient to isolate the isothiazolone, for example by careful neutralization or by solvent extraction from an aqueous solution of the hydrohalide salt.

The trialkyl or trialkenyl phosphite starting materials are known compounds, a listing of which may be found in G. M. Kosolapoffs Organophosphorus Compounds, J. Wiley & Sons, New York, 1950. Similarly, the analogous thiophosphites, dithiophosphites and phosphorodiamidites are known compounds.

The isothiazolone hydrochloride may be prepared separately and isolated or may be formed in situ by the addition of some form of hydrogen chloride such as gaseous HCl or hydrochloric acid. Other hydrohalide salts may also be used.

The reaction of the isothiazolone hydrochloride with the phosphite is most often carried out in the presence of an inert solvent, e.g. an ester such as ethyl acetate, an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene or a chlorinated solvent such as chloroform. The ester type solvent is preferred. iEquimolar amounts of the two reactants are preferred; however, an excess of the phosphite up to two equivalents may be used. The reaction may conveniently be run in the range of to 100 C., preferably 20- 40 C.

The cis-form of the compounds of Formula II for which R is hydrogen may be prepared as the major product by the addition of a thiolophosphoric acid of the formula R (R )P('O)SH to a propiolamide according to the following equation wherein R R R and R have the meanings given above. A related reaction involving the addition of esters of 4 thiolophosphoric acid to propiolates is known from U.S. Pat. 3,059,014 and British Pat. 892,326.

The addition of a bis-ester or amide of a thiolophosphoric acid to a propiolamide is preferably carried out in the presence of an inert solvent, e.g. a nitrile such as acetonitrile or an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene. The reaction proceeds at a temperature range of 20- C., preferably 50100 C. 'Equimolar quantities of the two reactants may be used, but a 10 to 20% excess of the thiolophosphoric acid derivative is preferred since the ester or amide can react with itself. Excesses up to two equivalents may be used.

The cis-isomers of these compounds (Formula II) can be converted to the trans-isomers (Formula III) by classical means.

A photochemical cis/trans isomerization of the compound of Example 20 by irradiation with a 550-watt high pressure mercury are rapidly resulted in a photostationary state. The resulting product was 65% trans-3-diethoxyphosphorylthio-N-ethyl-acrylamide and 35% of the corresponding cis-isomer. These can be separated by fractional crystallization.

The following series of reactions may be used to prepare the trans-isomer for a compound where R is halogen. This is exemplified for the case where R is bromine.

ll (R (R PSCHBrCHBrC (O)NR R l-HBfltriethylamine) The transformation from cis to trans isomers may be followed by means of the NMR spectra.

Tables I, 'II and III give examples of compounds of Formula I and their characterization. Specific illustrative preparations of Example 1, 12, 20, 37, 69, 73, 74, 75, and 111 are set forth below.

Table IV lists the isothiazolones used in the examples given and characteristic melting or boiling point.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of cis-3-dimethoxyphosphorylthioacrylamide To a slurry of 13.75 g. (0.1 mole) of 3-hydroxyisothi-azole hydrochloride in 300 ml. of ethyl acetate was added dropwise 12.4 g. (0.1 mole) of trimethyl phosphite in 20 ml. of ethyl acetate. A slight exotherm occurred. The mixture was stirred two hours as most of the solid went into solution. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove 5.1 g. of oily solid, mainly the starting hydrochloride. The filtrate was concentrated to give 17 g. of pale yellow oil. The oil was crystallized from 25 ml. of chloroform to give 6.8 g. of solid melting at 111.5 113.5 C. This is a 34 percent yield of cis-3-dimethoxyphosphorylthiosacrylamide.

EXAMPLE 12 Preparation of cis-3-diethoxyphosphorylthio- 2-methyl-N-methyl-acrylamide (a) Preparation of 2,4-dimethyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride-A solution of 19.3 g. (0.073 mole) of dithiodimethyldiisobutyramide in 300 ml. of ethyl acetate was heated to 45 C. There was added dropwise 29.7 g. (0.22 mole) of sulfuryl chloride in one hour at about 45 C. The mixture was stirred 3 hours. The resulting solid was filtered off, washed with ethyl acetate andl vacuum dried to give 15.2 g. of white crystalline solid. By iniiramed spectroscopy and NMR, this was shown to be 2,4-dimethyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride.

(b) Preparation of cis 3 diethoxyphosphorylthio-2- methyl-N-methylacrylamide.To a slurry of 6.62 g. (0.04 mole) of 2,4-dimethyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride in 150 ml. of ethyl acetate was added dropwise 6.65 g. (0.04 mole) of triethyl phosphite in ml. of ethyl acetate. There was a slight exotherm. The mixture was stirred 1.5 hours and was then filtered to remove a trace of insoluble material. The filtrate was concentrated on a rotary evaporator to give 10.9 g. of pale yellow oil. The infrared spectrum was consistent with the desired product and NMR confirmed the structure. The oil was crystallized from amixture of 10 m1. of ethyl acetate and20 ml. of ether to give 5.0 g. of colorless cubes melting at 52- 55 C.

EXAMPLE 20 Preparation of cis-3-diethoxyphosphorylthio- N-ethylacrylamide To a slurry of 4.97 g. (0.03 mole) of 2-ethyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride in 150 ml. of ethyl acetate with stirring was added a solution of 4.98 g. (0.03 mole) of triethyl phosphite in 10 ml. of ethyl acetate dropwise in 20 minutes. A slight exotherm raised the temperature from 22 C. to 30 C. Stirring was continued for 1 hour to give a clear solution. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give 8.3 g. of pale yellow crystalline solid. The product was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give 5.3 g. (67% yield) of cis-3-diethoxyphosphorylthio-N-ethylacrylamide.

EXAMPLE 37 Preparation of cis-3-ethoxy(methoxy)phosphorylthio- N-cyclopropyl-acrylamide (a) Preparation of dimethyl ethyl phosphite.-To 46 g. (1.0 mole) of absolute ethanol was added 0.5 g. of sodium metal and the mixture was stirred until the sodium dissolved. To this was added 124 g. 1.0 mole) of trimethyl phosphite. The solution was distilled slowly at a vapor temperature range of 64 to 69 C. as 40 g. of methanol (identified by NMR) was removed. The residue was distilled through a 20-inch, 16-plate Oldershaw column to give a main fraction distilling at 68 to 72 C. at 8589 mm. pressure. By vapor phase chromatography this was determined to be 98% dimethyl ethyl phosphite and 2% trimethyl phosphite.

(b) Reaction of dimethyl ethyl phosphite with 2-cyclopropyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride-A slurry of 7.1 g. (0.04 mole) of 2-cyclopropyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride in 150 ml. of ethyl acetate was stirred and cooled in an ice bath as there was added dropwise in 10 minutes a solution of 5.8 g. (0.042 mole) of dimethyl ethyl phosphite in 10 ml. of ethyl acetate. The mixture was stirred one hour and a clear solution resulted. The reaction mixture was concentrated to give 11.0 g. of a pale green crystalline solid. This was recrystallized from 12 ml. of ethyl acetate to give 8.2 g. of pale green crystals identified as cis-3-ethoxy(methoxy)-phosphorylthio-N-cyclopropy1- acrylamide.

EXAMPLE 69 Preparation of cis-3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio- N-(methylcarbamoyl acrylamide) Into a round bottom flask was placed 6.32 g. (0.04 mole) of 2-methylcarbamoyl-3-isothiazolone, 4.0 g. (0.04 mole) of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 200 ml. of ethyl acetate. The resulting slurry was stirred magnetically as there was added dropwise a solution of 4.96 g. (0.04 mole) of trimethyl phosphite in 10 ml. of ethyl acetate. A slight exotherm resulted in a rise in temperature of 5 C. The reaction mixture was stirred two hours longer. A solid residue was filtered off and amounted to 2.8 g. which melted at 161164 C. The filtrate was concentrated to give a solid which after washing with ethyl ace- 6 tate Was 5 g. melting at 162-163 C. The ethyl acetate washing was concentrated to give 1 g. of solid. By infrared spectra all three crops of solid were determined to be the same and NMR confirmed these to be cis-S-dimel thoxyphosphorylthio-N- (methylcarbamoyl) acrylamide.

EXAMPLE 73 Preparation of cis-3-ethoxy (ethy1thio)phosphorylthio- N-ethylacrylamide A slurry of 2-ethyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride, 6.6 g. (0.04 mole) in 150 ml. of ethyl acetate was charged to a 300 ml. round bottom flask. T 0 this was added dropwise in about 15 minutes at room temperature and with stirring a solution of 8 g. (0.044 mole) of 0,0,S-triethylthiophosphite in 20 ml. of ethyl acetate. The mixture was stirred 2 hours at room temperature and most of the solid had gone into solution. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove 0.7 g. of insoluble solid and the filtrate was concentrated to give 12.9 g. of yellow oil. The oil was purified by chromatographing on silica gel, first using an acetone-hexane solution followed by an acetone-pentane solution. There was isolated from the purified main fraction 4.3 g. of colorless oil. By NMR. its structure was confirmed to be cis-3-[(ethoxy) (ethylthio)phosphorylthio1- N-ethylacrylamide.

EXAMPLE 74 Preparation of cis-3-dimethylamido(methoxy)phosphorylthio-N-ethylacrylamide To a slurry of 3.3 g. (0.02 mole) of 2-ethyl-3-isothiazolone hydrochloride in 75 ml. of ethyl acetate was added in 15 minutes at room temperature a solution of 2.74 g. (0.02 mole) of dimethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidite in 10 ml. of ethyl acetate. The reaction mixture was stirred 2 hrs. at room temperature, filtered to remove a slight amount of solid and the filtrate concentrated to give 5 g. of a red oil. The oil was purified by chromatographing an acetone-hexane solution on silica gel. The major fraction was concentrated to give 4 g. of pale yellow oil. By analysis and NMR this was found to cis-3- [(dimethylamido) (methoxy)phosphorylthio] N ethylacrylamide of about purity.

EXAMPLE 75 Preparation of cis-3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- formylacrylamide To a slurry of 2-formyl-3-isothiazolone (5.16 g., 0.04 mole) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (4 g., 0.04 mole) in 200 ml. of ethyl acetate was added dropwise trimethyl phosphite (4.96 g., 0.04 mole) in 10 ml. of ethyl acetate. There was a slight exotherm. The mixture was stirred 1 hour and was then filtered to remove insoluble impurities. The filtrate was concentrated to give an oilsolid mixture which was taken up in ethyl acetate. After standing overnight at 0 C. there was obtained 1.3 g. of a crystallinesolid melting at 104-106 C. This is a 13% yield of cis-3 dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N-formylacrylamide.

EXAMPLE Preparation of trans-3-diethoxyph0sphorylthio-Z- bromo-N-ethyl-acrylamide phorylthio-2,3 dibromo-N-ethylpropionamide. Its struc-- ture was confirmed by infrared and NMR spectra.

(b) Preparation of trans 3 diethoxyphosphorylthio- 2-bromo-N-ethylacrylamide.To 8.6 g. (0.02 mole) of 3-diethoxyphosphorylthio-2,3-dibromo N ethylpropionamide in 100 ml. of acetone was added 2.0 g. (0.02 mole) of triethylamine in 10 ml. of acetone. After stirring for 2 hours NMR showed the reaction to be 68% complete. Another portion of 0.7 g. (0.007 mole) of triethylamine Was added and the reaction mixture stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove 3.3 g. of triethylamine hydrobromide. The filtrate was concentrated to give 5.4 g. of yellow-brown oil. By NMR this was shown to be trans-3 diethoxyphosphorylthio-2-bromo-N-ethyl acrylamide having a one proton vinyl doublet at 8.1 p.p.m. The corresponding cis isomer had a one proton vinyl doublet at 7.3 p.p.m.

EXAMPLE 1 l 1 Preparation of cis-3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N,N- dimethylacrylamide To a solution of 4.85 g. (0.05 mole) of N,N-dimethylpropiolamide in 25 ml. of acetonitrile was added 7.8 g. (0.055 mole) of 0,0-dimethylthiolophosphoric acid. The solution was refluxed for 3 hours. The solvent was removed, the residue taken up in 150 ml. of chloroform, washed twice with 25 m1. portions of water, dried and concentrated under high vacuum to give 7.5 g. of a red oil. An ethyl acetate solution of this was chromatographed on 40 g. of silica gel to give 6.9 g. of light yellow oil. This was crystallized from a mixture of ml. of ethyl acetate and ml. of ether to give 3.2 g. of crystals melting at 41 43 C. By NMR this was shown to be cis-B-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N,N-dimethylacrylamide.

Certain of the compounds of Formula N can also be prepared by reaction of a dialkyl phosphite,

wherein R and R are alkoxy, with an isothiazolone of the formula in the presence of a basic catalyst.

A preferred group of compounds is exemplified by the general formula wherein R and R are individually methyl or ethyl, R is hydrogen or methyl, and R is (a) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or (b) the --C(-O) R group wherein R is (1) hydrogen (2) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms,

(3) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with halogen, thiocyano, alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkylthio of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, C to C alkoxy carbonyl, thiolacetyl, a benzyloxy group, a benzylthio group, phenyl, a phenoxy group, or a phenylthio group,

(4) alkenyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms,

(5) alkenyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with C to C alkoxy carbonyl,

(6) alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms,

(7) C to C alkoxy carbonyl, or

(8) phenyl.

When R in Formula VII is an alkyl group substituted with a benzyloxy, benzylthio, phenoxy or phenylthio group this is intended to include substitutents on the benzyl or phenyl groups such as alkyl of 1 to 5 carbons, alkoxy of l to 5 carbon atoms, alkylthio of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, C C -alkoxy carbonyl, bromo, chloro, fluoro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, methylsulfonyl, nitro, and the NR R group wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms and R is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon aotms or acetyl. The following specific compounds exemplify this:

3 -dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (Z-methoxybenzyloxyacetyl) acrylamide 3-diethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (2-methylthiob enzyloxyacetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxyph osphorylthio-N- (2,6-dichlorob enzyloxyacetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (3 ,4-dicl1lorob enzyloxyacetyl) acryl amide 3- (ethoxy) (methoxy) phosphorylthio-N-3-cyanobenzyloxyacetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (4-methylb enzyloxyacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (3-nitrobenzyloxyacetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (4-methylsulfonylb enzyloxyacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoXyphosphorylthio-N- (4-methoxybenzylthioacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (4-methylthiobenzylthioacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxypho spholylthio-N- (4-fiuorobenzylthioacetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (4-chlorobenzylthio acetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (4-cyanob enzylthioacetyl) acryl amide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (4-methylbenzy1thioacetyl) acryl amide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- 4-nitrobenzylthioacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (2,4-dichlorobenzylthio acetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (2,4,6-trichlorobenzylthioacetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (4-chloro-2-methy1benzy1- thioacetyl) methacrylamide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- 4-dimethylaminobenzylthio acetyl) acrylamide 3 -diethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (3 -trifluoromethylbenzylthioacetyl) acrylamide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (4-butoxyphenoxyacetyl) methacryl amide 'S-dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N-(4-methylthio-3-methylphenoxyacetyl methacrylamide 3 -dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- 2-bromophenoxyacetyl) meth acryl amide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- 2-ehlorophenoxyacety1) methacryl amide 3 -dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- 3-met-hoxyphenoxyacetyl methacrylamide 3-dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (2,4-dimethylphenoxyacetyl) methacrylamide 3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N-3- 2-isopropylphenoxypropionyl) methacrylamide 3 -dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (4- chloro-2-nitrophenoxybutyryl) methacrylamide 3 -dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N-S- (3 ,5 -dimethylphenoxypentanoyl) methacrylamide 3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- Z-cyanophenoxyacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- 2-methylphenoxyacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxypho sphorylthio-N- (3 -methylphenoxyacetyl) acrylamide 3-dimethoxyphosphorylthio-N- (4-methyl-2-nitrophenoxyacetyl) acrylamide TABLE IIICntimued P S, etc.

Example No. Empirical formula 88 1 90590 2 810211 3 5 &7 5 4M 3514 4 4 4 5 55 5 5 4I-4-4-3 4-34-A-4- 003 3 .09 11 55i511 1 54 14 4 54 311.14 1133 3 4 & 54- 5 5 l 1 1 1 7311856 ))))9)) \I 1 T WQM M Mumwmm wmmwnwnmwmm mfimwmnfiwm H. .$5 9 1 6 .3 5 3 9 4 UH UMMM$QQ$$WQ$$$$$U$M M MWM mm v mw mmmww UWD$$U$$M wmwfimmwmmmnm wmv 000 mu Mew/@000 0000mm 0(((@ 0 0006 euweewwwwaueweu we 666M 00 0 000000000 M00000 6 0 73 74 5696 99 007077 65994. 3 0.550590442001375 14. 334 3 974. 470301620 759 37 6 6 0142 6 7 4 1 5 06 4 5 7 7 56 6 6 67678 515554 14 354 55071142554 03 5 4 5 4 4 1i 54 1554 4 55 4 1 3 4 5. 5.

35 u v4 4 1 9 1 6 685330 6137 .136526872 433142 013248 wwwwme wmmeee 0 &0 M 0 flmwwmwwmw M60000 0 0 NOTEZ The number in parenthesis represents the theoretical value, as calculated using the empirical formula. Only one set 01 theoretical values is given or each empirical formula.

TABLE IV.ISOTHIAZOLONE INTERMEDIATES C H N-R' Used in Melting point or n R Boiling point 0.

H 75-70. H 1185-1225. H 193-195. Hz 48-50. C H: 71-78.

-C HaN H -CHzNHCsH4C1-4 93-94.

H CH1NHClH4NO3-4 196-19 CH3 CgHs 80-90/01-06 mm. C1115 C1115 67-69/0.1 mm. 23 11-C4H CaHs 93-95/0.2 mm. 24 Br 01H; ca. 30. 26 H -C HQCHiCl 100/0.02 mm. 27 H -C H10 H20 CH3 89112/0.05 mm. 29- H -CH1CH:CN 85-86. 30- H -CHZCHIC1HB 77.5-78.5. 31, etc- H C 3117-11 65-68. 33, 8120.- H -C3H7-1 O 84/015 mm. 36, etc H Cyelopropyl 65-68. 39 H -C4Hrn 40 H --C Ha-see 41 CH; -C|H sec 94-96/01 mm 42 H -C4H9-te1't 75-79. 43 CH: -C4Hn-tel't Oil. 41. H -CHrr-11 118/0.01 mm 18 H .CzHs 72/025 mm 45 H -CH(C:H5)1 85-87/0.1 mm 46 CH: -CH(C:H5)I 80-81/0.05 mm. 47 H -CH(CH3) C3H7-11 90-91/0J5 mm. 48 CH: CH(CH5) C H -n 81-82/0.05 mm. 49 H Cyclopentyl 116-117. 50, H --C Hir1'1 102/0025 mm. 51 H Oyclohexyl 109-111. 52, etc-- H -C sHn-telt 97-100. 54 H --C H1CH=C B; 95/05 mm.

5 H C HzCcHa 78-80. H --CH2C|HC1-4 87-88. H Ci 5 91-92. CH3 -C H5 102-104. H C|H4Cl-2 90-91. H --C |H4C13 119-122 H -C|H4C1-4 142-144. H -C H40 Ha-Z 76-78. H C HlCHs-i 91-03. CH; --C H4CH 4 127-129. H -C H4NO -4 170-175 H -CH4 S OzCHg-4 189-190 H --C|HrC1z-2,4 159-161 H C(O)NHCH1 138-140 H 'C (S NHCH: 155-158 H -C(O)OC:H 124-126 H (O) H 120-127. H -C (0) CH: 95.5-97.5 H -C(O)CH1C1 107-109. H --C(O) C1115 132-134.

H -C(O)C3H7-I1 56-59. H -C(O)C4H5 108-110 CH; C (0)11 150-152 H -CH OH 125-127. H --CH1COOCH: Oil. H -OH:CH,COOCH1 115/.05m1n. H C (O)CH:C5H5 111-113. H C (O) CH=C 1 128-132. H C(O)CH2CH:C1 99-101 H C(OlCHrO CH1 102-104. H C(O)CH:QCH:C|H5 115-117 H C(O)CH:OCH5 74-75. H C(O)COO H: 68-72. H C(O)CH1COOC1H5 011. H C(O)CH:CH1COOCH1 96.5-98.5 H C(O)CHCHCOOCH: 140-142 H C(O)CH1SCH3 89-91. H C(O)CHISCHICCHB 67-08. CH C(0)CH,SCH CH5 82-84. H C(O)OH,SC|H$ ii. H C(O)CH1SC(O)CHS 112-114. H -C(O)CH:CH2SC\H5 78-81.

Boiling point.

The novel 3-phosphorylthio acrylamides of this invention are biologically active. In particular they are effective as insecticides, miticides, nematocides and ovicides and as such exhibit a broad spectrum of activity. The cis-form (Formula II) is in general more active than its transisomer (Formula 11.1).

16 Initial evaluations were made on the following mite, insects and nematode:

Code

symbol Common name Latin name TSM Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). GPA (Myzua persicae).

FB. Confused flour beetle. (Tribolium confusum). GW. Granary weevil (Sitophilus aranariua). BCB Black carpet beetle (Attnqenus pweus). Nema Northern root-knot nematode-.. (Meloidoayne hapla).

A test solution containing 600 ppm. was made by dissolving the test compound in a solvent (acetonezrnetha- 1101, 1:1), adding surfactant and then water to give an acetonezmethanol: H O system of 10:10:80. A 1:1 mixture of an alkylarylpolyether-alcohol (sold under the trademark Triton X-155 and a modified phthalic glycerol alkyd resin (sold under the trademarked name of Triton B-l956) was utilized at the equivalent of 1 ounce per gal. of test solution as a surfactant. For the nematode test a 1200 p.p.m. test solution was used.

For the mite test, infested bean (Phaseolus Iimeanus) leaf discs (1.25 inches in diameter) containing about 50 mites and for green peach aphid tests, infested broccoli (Brassica oleracea italica) leaves or portions thereof containing about 50 aphids were placed in a Petri dish lid on a moistened piece of cotton. The leaves were then sprayed with the test solution using a rotating turntable. They were held for 24 hours and then the percent kill was determined.

For the pea aphid test, broad bean (Vicia faba) plants pruned to 2 leaves were sprayed manually to run off and allowed to dry. These were placed horizontally in plastic boxes (5 x 7.5 x 3.5 inches) and infested with 50-100 aphids of mixed ages. The boxes were covered with lids containing screened ventilation holes. After 48 hours the percent kill was determined.

For the bean beetle and armyworm test, detached bean leaves on a piece of moistened filter paper were sprayed as above for the mite test in similar containers and allowed to dry. One leaf was transferred to an unsprayed dish also containing moistened filter paper and infested with 10 third instar Mexican bean beetle larvae. The leaf remaining in the sprayed dish was infested with 10 third instar southern armyworm larvae. The dishes were covered. After holding for 48 hours the percent kill was obtained.

For the boll weevil, house fly and cockroach tests, half pint glass canning jars with a screened top were used. Food was supplied for the boll weevil (apple) and for the house fiy (sugar water). The test insects consisted of 10 adult boll weevils, 20 adult house flies and 10 last instar nymphs for the cockroach. The jars containing the insects were sprayed using the turntable. The percent kill of boll weevil was determined 48 hours after application. In the house fly test a percent knockdown was determined 1 hour after application, the percent kill after 24 hours. Roach kill was determined after 24 hours.

For the flour beetle and granary weevil tests, one-third pint squat glass dishes were sprayed and allowed to dry. There were then introduced about 20 adults of each species into each dish which was then covered. Percent kills were observed after 48 hours.

For the carpet beetle test a 2" square swatch of wool felt (AATCC moth test cloth) conditioned with 1 ml. of

acetone was impregnated via pipette with 1 ml. of the test solution and allowed to dry. The cloth was placed in a Petri dish, infested with 10 67 month larvae and covered. This was held for about 3 weeks and the percent feeding determined in comparison with untreated fabric held under similar circumstances. 9 a a For the nematode test, soil was homogeneously inoculated with a macerated blend of tomato roots heavily knotted with the root-knot nematode. Ten ml. of the test solution was added to 200 ml. of the inoculated soil in a 16 oz. jar to give a concentration by volume of about 60 18 ppm. The jar was then shaken to insure thorough mixing and kept capped for 72"liours'. aneseni'vanhen placed into a 3" plastic plant pot and allowed to air for about '24 hours after which time 3 cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seeds were planted. About twenty-three days thereafter, the cucumber plants were removed from the soil and the root systems examined for the presence of knots. A total of 30 knots is considered as no control and less than that as a measure of control Table V gives the results of the above biological evaluations.

TABLE V.INSECTICIDAL AND MITICIDAL DATAPERCENT CONTROLQETC AT 600 P.P.M.

HF 1308, Nema, Percent Percent percent TSM GPA PA BB AW KD kill GR FB W feeding control 100 98 100 100 100 100 95 100 100 100 100 1 1,00 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 80 100 100 0 100 99 96 0 0 90 0 95 20 0 61 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 20 100 100 100 100 100 100 20 78 34 100 0 5 80 0 0 0 50 100 33 NT 70 0 0 5 0 0 i 79 1 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 40 100 100 0 100 100 b 100 100 100 80 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 l 100 100 100 100 70 100 100 100 90 100 100 0 100 100 h 100 90 0 100 50 100 60 100 100 0 l 100 96 100 100 60 NT 100 NT NT NT NT 100 67 100 30 NT 95 100 NT NT NT NT 91 0/5 0 90 0 NT 0 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 103 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 80 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 0 100 85 100 30 100 100 l 100 100 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 50 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 50 I 90 10 56 10 100 100 l 100 100 b 100 90 100 100 100 100 40 100 100 0 100 100 b 100 60 30 100 100 100 90 100 100 0' 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 20 100 95 100 0 100 100 0 v 100 95 b 100 50 100 100 100 100 50 76 100 1 100 79- 100 80 100 NT 80 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 b 100 100 100 100 100 100 80 100 100 0 r 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 00 I100 100 0 100 100 b 100 100 100 100 100 100 I100" 100 0. 100 100 b 100 100 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 I 100 100 100 100 95 100 60 '1100 100 0 100 97 b 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 l 100 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 L00 7 0 100 100 100 90 0 90 95 100 100 I100 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 v 0 100 100 l 100 100 b 100 70 100 100 90 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 50 100 10 100 10 70 100 0 100 100 b 100 70 25 80 100 100 10 100, 100 l 100 100 d 100 100 0 80 10 100 0 50 100 n 1 100 100 100 100 100 90 100 100 10 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 90 NT 25 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 i 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 10 NT 30 95 NT NT NT N'I.. 100 96 NT 100 50 NT 100 100 0 100 100 NT 100 100 100 100 100 80 100 I00 40 '100 100 0 100 100 90 100 100 90 100 100 40 il00= 100 0 ..-.4 63 0 NT 100 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 98 0 NT 80 0 10 60 75 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 80 100 100 100 90 100 100 0 0 0 1 100 100 80 80 90 100 90 100 20 19 100 0 100 67 20 80 '20 70 30 100 10 100 100 0 100 100 30 100 100 90 75 100 0 0 0 1 100 100 100 90 30 NT 35 I00 NT NT NT N T 90 0' NT 80 100 NT 0 f 5 NT NT NT NT 100 0 NT 100 10 NT 20 NT NT NT NT 0 0 NT 90 NT 30 100 NT NT NT N R 100 88 93 100 90 NT 95 100 NT NT NT NT 100 90 0 90 80 NT 85 100 NT NT NT NT 100 89 100 60 30 NT 75 100 NT NT NT NT 0 0 NT '70 0 NT 0 0 NT NT NT NT 100 0 NT 50 0 NT 0 0 NT NT NT NT 100 0 NT 100 100 I 90 0 15 i 0 O 0 5 100 0 NT 50 0 90 0 5 0 0 0 25 98 14 100 60 22 30 0 50 0 0 90 100 100 0 NT 20 V 0 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 NT 50 0 NT 55 1011 NT NT NT NT 100 75 100 100 30 100 80 10(1 0 100 100 0 100 74 100 90 100 100 75 100 20 100 100 l 100 100 100 80 100 'NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 90 100 80 80 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT References at end of table.

TABLE VContinued B CB, Nema,

Percent Percent percent TSM GPA PA BB AW KD kill GR FB GW feeding control 100 100 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 8/9 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 83 100 90 100 NT 95 100 NT NT NT NT 100 64 100 80 80 NT 10 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 60 90 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT /7 0 0 NT 0 NT NT NT NT 0 100 61 O 0 NT 0 10 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 95 100 30 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 80 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT NT 99 85 100 100 100 80 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 3/5 NT 50 100 90 40 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 90 100 90 40 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 100 75 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 90 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 90 100 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 99 100 NT 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 NT 100 100 NT 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 97 95 100 100 90 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 89 100 80 100 100 20 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 99 100 100 90 80 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 98 100 90 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 3/3 100 90 100 100 40 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 100 20 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 NT 100 100 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 86 NT 90 60 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 NT NT NT NT 100 5/8 91 100 100 10 100 NT NT NT NT NT 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 100 NT 50 0 100 0 0 10 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 O 10 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 00 100 100 100 100 100 100 20 100 100 0 100 94 100 100 70 100 100 100 20 100 100 0 I =Percent kill at 300 p.p.m. =Percent kill at p p.m.

'=pereent kill at 38 p. Percent kill at 10 p. A value is sometimes .m. p.m.; NT=Not tested; KD=Knockdown. given as dead aphids/total aphids.

Ovicidai and larvacidal tests were conducted on resentative compounds of this invention.

For mite tests involving the two-spotted mite ova and larvae, bean leaf sections containing about 100 eggs were placed on moistened cotton in a Petri dish and sprayed on the turntable with the 600 p.p.m. test solution described above. These were held for 6 days and examined underthe microscope. Unhatched eggs and dead and live larvae were counted and the percent ovicidal and the percent larvacidal activity were determined.

For tests on house fly larvae, two layers of 4.25 cm. filter papers were placed in small Petri dishes, were sprayed on the turntable with a 600 p.p.m. solution of the test compound and were air dried. About 100 eggs of the house fly in about 1 ml. of water were pipetted onto the filter paper and the dishes covered. These were held for 24 hours and examined under the microscope. The percent kill values for larvae were determined.

A second technique for determining house fly larvacidal activity involved incorporation of a test solution into a standard fly media to attain specified concentrations on repa weight basis, usually 2 p.p.m. About 100 house fly eggs were pipetted into a jar containing 50 g. of moistened treated media in an 8 oz. jar. The jars were covered with cheese cloth, held for 5 days and the percent control relative to untreated checks determined.

For tests involving the southern corn rootworm (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) ova and larvae, the same technique as described above for house fly larvae by the turntable method was used. The holding period was 6 days. Unhatched eggs and dead and live larvae were counted under the microscope and the percent ovicidal and the percent larvacidal activity were determined.

Mosquito (Culex spp.) larvae tests were obtained as follows. Approximately 25 6-day-old larvae were introduced into one-third pint squat dishes containing 100 ml. of water which previously had been treated with a test solution of selected compounds so as to give a l p.p.m. concentration. Twenty-four hours later the percent kill was determined.

Table VI gives the results of these ovicidal and larvacidal tests.

TABLE VL-OVICIDAL AND LARVACIDAL EVALUATIONS References at end of table.

TABLE VL-Continued Percent kill TSM at, CRW at 600 ppm. 600 ppm. HF larvae Filter 'Mosoiiito" I paper, Media larvae,

Example Ova Larvae Ova Larvae 600 p.p.m. 1 p.p.1n. 1 p.p.m

l2 100 s4 89 100 26 95 I 16 0 100 49 100 100 99 100 17.-. 0 100 43 86 100 93 NT 18 0 100 0 98 100 100 NT 100 0 100 100 86 NT 19 0 100 45 100 100 45 NT 20 0 100 70 100 100 100 100 21 0 100 23 100 100 11 NT 24 0 100 0 100 100 0 NT V 25. 0 100 66 77 100 0 100 26- 0 100 37 100 100 9 100 27- 0 100 33 100 100 X00 NT 28--- 0 100 0 0 100 o J NT 29 0 100 0 100 100 0 N '1 31. 100 0 95 100 99 Y 100 32. 0 100 0 100 100 37 N '1 33. 100 0 83 100 100 100 34 100 0 100 100 81 100 I 35- o 100 0 100 100 30 NT 7 36. 0 79 0 90 100 100 100 37- 0 100 0 97 100 100 p N T I 38. 0 100 0 100 100 95 100 39. 0 100 0 89 100 60 100 40- 0 100 67 70 100 17 NT 42 0 100 0 91 100 23 100 43 0 97 0 100 100 0 NT 44- 0 100 0 100 100 0 NT. 50. 0 100 51 100 100 0 NT. 51. 0 100 20 70 100 14 NT 52 0 94 0 79 100 NT NT 53. 0 100 0 0 100 NT NT 54. 0 100 0 100 100 100 NT 55 0 100 0 95 100 16 NT 56 0 100 39 73 100 24 NT 57--- 0 100 40 58 100 33 NT 58.-. 0 100 0 100 100 0 NT 68- 0 0 0 100 100 NT NT 69. 0 74 0 86 NT NT" 70 0 88 0 0 100 NT NT 71. 0 59 0 0 NT NT 73. 0 100 o 91 100 :0 NT 74. 0 97 0 62 100 0 NT 109 0 100 0 100 100 41 NT ll0 0 0 0 0 76 NT NT" 111 0 100 0 95 100 I 100 NT, 112.- 0 100 0 100 100 100 N'l l13 0 100 0 100 100 99 NT 114 0 100 0 100 100 100 NT =Two-spotted mite.

=Corn rootworm.

Nora.NT=Not tested.

+=Afiected but not quite moribund.

=Data not possible, all eggs destroyed.

Tests designed to determine systemic activity of representative compounds of this invention were conducted. These were soil drench assays.

In one such test involving the two-spotted mite (TSM), a bean seedling consisting of two primary leaves planted in a 3" diameter plastic pot containing 200 ml. of a 50:50 soil-sand mixture was used. The pot was placed in a Petri dish lid and a 10 ml. volume of the test solution containing 600 ppm. of the test compound was pipetted onto the soil to give a 30 ppm. concentration in the soil. Twenty-four hours later each leaf was intested with bean leaf sections containing about 50 adult female mites. The plant was then held for 48 hoursand the percent kill determined via microscopic examination.

A similar test using the green peach aphid (GPA) was conducted except that a broccoli plant consisting of 3-5 leaves was used instead of the bean plant. The percent kill was determined based upon the population present on the plant foliage. An untreated plant would generally have more than 100 aphids per plant. In some instances a toxic material may induce aifected aphids to can'bean beetle (1313),,and armyworm (AW) as the test 65- insects. The same type of bean plant as used in the mite test above was used forithese. After the 24-hour translocation period, the plant was infested with 10 third instarlarvae of eitherthea bean beetle or the armyworm, and then held for 72 hours after which the percent kill was determined.

Similar tests were conducted on the mite and insects except that the,translo cation period prior to infestation *was seven days.

Table VII gives the results of the above-described systemic tests torrepresentative examples.

TABLE VIL-SYSTEMIO EVALUATIO NB BY THE S OIL DRENCH METHOD Transloeatlon Percent kill (30 p.p.m. in soil) otriod Example igays) TSM GPA PA BB AW 4 1 100 100 b 100 b 100 b 0 7 b 97 NT 5 100 b 40 b 0 9 1 100 100 I 100 I 67 I 0 7 I 100 I 100 I 100 I 90 I 17 1 100 100 I 54 I 90 I 100 7 I 100 I 0/4 I 83 100 I 90 as 1 100 100 o 9o -o 7 100 0/15 100 100 0 36 1 100 100 I 100 9o 1 10 7 I 96 NT I 100 I 90 I 20 4a 1 100 0 8 100 -9'0 o 7 d 0 0/0 100 70 '0 52 1 100 o 100 -100 -so 7 NT 0/7 80 50 10 55.. 1 37 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 7 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 0 56 1 33 0 30 0 0 7 4 0 30 NT N '1 58 1 0 0 NT NT N T 7 NT N '1 NT NT NT 88 1 0 0 NT N'I NT 7 NT NT NT NT NT 71 1 100 90 I 92 I 80 Y I 10 7 I 100 I 100 I 100 I 90 I 73 1 89 0/3 0 0 0 7 I 0 I 0 I 92 I 0 I 0 74 1 99 0 86 I 10 0 7 64 0 0 I 0 I 0 112-.. 1 100 100 100 80 O 7 b 0 b 0 b 14 I 0 0 113-.. 1 100 100 87 80 0 7 b 0 0/7 35 I 60 I 0 114 1 100 75 51 0 7 I 0 b 0 b 0 b 0 0 =300 p.p.m. solution- 15 p.p.m. soil. =l50 p.p.m. solution 7.5 p.p.m. soil. p.p.m. soluti0u 3.8 p.p.m. soil. =38 p.p.m. solution=1.9 p.p.m. soil. A value is sometimes give as dead aphids/total aphids.

NOTEv-NT =not tested.

Residual studies were made to determine the stability of representative phosphorylthio acrylamides on sprayed foliage or inert surfaces. Such test plants or inert surfaces appropriate to the organism involved were sprayed with the test solution containing 1200 or 600 ppm. of the phosphorylthio acrylamide. The plants were then maintained under proper growing conditions for 7 days and for 14 days after which they were infested with the test organism. The sprayed inert surfaces were stored a similar period of time after which they were infested with the appropriate test organism.

For the two-spotted mite test, a bean plant was used and infested from a parent colony so that about 50 mites were placed on each bean leaf. Percent kills were determined 48 hours thereafter.

For the green peach aphid test, a broccoli plant was used and infested from a parent colony with 50-100 aphids. Percent kills were determined 48 hours thereafter.

For the pea aphid test, a broad bean plant was used and this was infested with 50100 aphids. Percent kills were determined 48 hours thereafter.

For the bean beetle and armyworm tests, bean plants were used. Prior to infestation the bean plants were severed from the roots and the stems immersed in narrow-necked 2-oz. bottles using cotton plugs when necessary to fill in a void between the stem and the neck. For each test 20 third instar larvae of the bean beetle or the armyworm were used. Percent kills were determined 72 hours thereafter.

For the boll weevil, house fly, cockroach, flour beetle and granary weevil tests the same procedures as used in the initial tests described above for Table V were used except that the open jars or dishes were sprayed fol lowed by an ageing period of 7 or 14 days before introduction of the insects and covering with screened lids. Percent kills were determined 48 hours thereafter.

Table VIII gives the results on these residual studies on representative compounds of this invention.

TABLE VIII.BESIDUAL INSECT AND MITE EVALUATIONS Ageing Percent kill at (600 p.p.rn.) oipe 0 (days) TSM GPA PA BB AW BW HF G R FB GW 0 7 100 NT 100 90 100 I 100 100 90 95 100 14 100 NT 90 45 20 60 100 100 98 10 7 100 0/8 97 100 0 '0 100 0 O 0 14 98 NT 0 10 0 0 90 NT 0 0 7 100 0/2 100 90 50 100 100 100 100 100 14 90 NT I 100 0 100 80 I 100 I 100 36...:.-:-;--.'.: 7 100 NT 100 100 I 100 100 100 100 100 100 14 100 NT I 100 70 75 100 100 80 100 100 43 7 100 0/5 95 75 '0 0 100 '10 0 36 14 28 NT 0 20 NT 0 100 NT 0 0 55 ..I...;. 7 100 0 80 100 5 30 100 0 0 O 14 100 NT 0 I 95 NT I 20 55 NT 0 0 56---:'..-;.:.-.-:; 7 95 0 10 85 85 70 100 NT NT NT 14 78 0 NT 85 50 0 I 100 NT NT NT 58.-.:1::::;:: 7 97 I O 80 55 0 0 30 NT NT NT 14 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT NT 71": 7 89 '0 100 75 75 100 100 40 100 100 14 0 I 0 75 95 10 100 100 50 I 100 I 100 Belerenees at and of table.-

TABLE VIII-Continued Ageingi Percent kill at (600 p.p.m.) i-

perio Example (days) TSM GPA' PA BB AW BW HF GR FB GW '=1,200 p.p.m.

A value is sometimes given as dead aphids/total aphids.

No'rE.-NT=not tested.

Representative com-pounds of this invention were found TABLE BODY LOU-SE DATA to give good to excellent control of the adult female P t 01m chicken mite (Dermanyssus gallinae). In this test ingi i dividual Petri dishes were sprayed with the test compound using solutions containing 300, 75, 20, 5, 1.2 or 0.3 p.p.m. and allowed to dry. Approximately to 40 engorged mites, predominantly female, were introduced into each dish. The dishes were held for 48 hours at which time 25 the percent mortality was determined by counting the dead and moribund mites. The following Table IX gives the lowest level of the spray concentration which gave a 90-100% mortality. For many of the compounds oviposition has been found to be adversely affected.

TABLE IX.-CHICKEN MITE DATA Representative compounds of this invention were tested on the chicken body louse (Menacallthus stramineus). In this test eight week old White Leghorn cockerels were exposed to a colony of the lice three weeks prior to the test period. At .the start of the test a subjective count of the lice infestation was made on each bird by two separate counts in five locations, namely the vent, back, neck, breast and under the wings. The birds were then sprayed with the test compound at three dosage levels (1000, 125 and 15 p.p.m.), using two birds for each treatment level, and allowed to dry. The birds were then held in individual cages for two weeks, then a louse count was made in the same manner as described above and a percent control determined. Table X gives the results.

The 3-dialkoxyphosphorylthio- :and 3-dialkoxythionophosphorylthio-acrylamides, methacrylamides and related structures of this invention possess general utility as arthropodicides, in particular against members of the class Arachroidea, which includes the order Acarina, as represented by mites and ticks, and Insecta, the insects. Compounds of this invention also have utility as nematocides. Such utilities enable protection of plants and animals, including man, from the ravages of harmful and/or annoying pests or disease organisms which they may carry. Application of said compounds may be made directly to the loci of those pests to be controlled or to the loci to be protected. For example, food, fiber, forage, forest, and ornamental crops and stored products thereof would represent plant protection loci. Treatment with compounds of this invention of domestic animals, man

and their immediate environs similarly constitute representative loci for protection against various annoying ectoparsitic or endoparasitic Acarina (Acari) and Insecta. Accordingly, compounds of the present invention provide utility as the essential active ingredient of pesticdal compositions suitable for agricultural and sanitary purposes.

For use as pesticides the compounds of this invention may be used as solutions in organic solvents or formulations. For example they may be formulated as wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dusts, granular formulations or flowable emulsifiable concentrates. In such formulations the phosphorylthio acrylamides are extended with an agronomically aceptable liquid or solid carrier and, when desired, suitable surfactants are likewise incorporated. Surfactants commonly used in the art may be found in the John W. McCutcheon, Inc. publication Desuch as granular clays, vermiculite, charcoal or corn cobs, and may contain the active ingredient in from l'to 25% by weight.

Wettable powder formulations are made by incorporating the compounds of this invention in an inert, finely divided solid carrier along with a surfactant which may be one or more emulsifying, wetting, dispersing or spreading agents or blend of these. The phosphorylthio acrylamides are usually present in the range of to 80% by weight and surfactants in from 0.5 to 10% by weight.

One convenient method for preparing a solid formulation is to impregnate the phosphorylthio acrylamide toxicant onto the solid carrier by means of a volatile solvent, such as acetone. In this manner, adjuvants, such as activators, adhesives, plant nutrients, synergists and various surfactants may also be incorporated.

Emulsifiable concentrate formulations may be prepared by dissolving the phosphorylthio acrylamides of this invention in an agronomically acceptable organic solvent and adding a solvent-soluble emulsifying agent. Suitable solvents are usually water-immiscible and may be found in the hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon, ketone, ester, alcohol and amide classes of organic solvents. Mixtures of solvents are commonly employed. The surfactants useful as emulsifying agents may constitute about 0.5 to 10% by weight of emulsifiable concentrate and may be anionic, cationic or non-ionic in character. The concentration of the active ingredients may vary from 10 to 80%, preferably in the range of 25 to 50%.

For use as biocidal agents, these compounds should be applied in an effective amount sufficient to exert the desired biocidal activity by techniques well known in the art. Usually, this will involve the application of the phosphorylthio acrylamides to the loci to be protected or eradicated in an effective amount when incorporated in an agronomically acceptable carrier. However, in certain situations it may be desirable and advantages to apply the compounds directly onto the loci to be protected or eradicated without the benefit of any substantial amount or carrier. This is a particularly effective method when the physical nature of the toxicants is such as to permit what is known as low-volume application, that is, when the compounds are in liquid form or substantially soluble in higher boiling solvents.

The application rate will, of course, vary depending upon the purposes for such application, the phosphorylthio acrylamides being utilized, the frequency of dissemination and the like.

Many of the above formulations can be utilized on animals and birds for the control of animal parasites.

For use as insecticides and miticides, dilute sprays may be applied at concentrations of 0.001 to 20 pounds of the active phosphorylthio acrylamide ingredient per 100 gallons of spray. They are usually applied at 0.01 to 5 pounds per 100 gallons and preferably at 0.03 to 1 pound per 100 gallons. In more concentrated sprays, the active ingredient is increased by a factor of 2 to 12. With dilute sprays, applications are usually made to the plants until run-off is achieved, whereas with more concentrated or low-volume sprays the materials are applied as mists.

For use as a nematocide or as a soil or systemic insecticide, the phosphorylthio acrylamides may be applied as a solid formulation, preferably a granular formulation, by broadcasting, by side-dressing, by soil incorporation or by seed treatment. The application rate may amount to from 1 to 50 pounds per acre. For soil incorporation the compounds of this invention may be mixed with the soil at a rate of 2 to 100 p.p.m.

The compounds of this invention may be utilized as the sole biocidal agents or they may be employed in conjunction with other bactericides, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, miticides and comparable pesticides.

We claim:

1. A compound of the formula wherein R and R are individually methyl or ethyl, R is hydrogen or methyl, and R is (a) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or (b) the -C(O)R group wherein R is 1) hydrogen, (2) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, (3) alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with halogen, thiocyano, alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkylthio of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, C to C alkoxy carbonyl, thioacetyl, benzyloxy, benzylthio, phenyl, phenoxy, or phenylthio, (4) alkenyl of 2 to 5 .carbon atoms, (5) alkenyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with C to C alkoxy carbonyl, (6) alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, (7) C to 0,, alkoxy carbonyl, or (8) phenyl.

2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R and R are methyl.

3. A compound according to claim 2 wherein R is hydrogen.

4. A compound according to methoxyacetyl.

5. A compound according to methylthioacetyl.

6. A compound according to benzyloxyacetyl.

7. A compound according to benzylthioacetyl.

8. A compound according to alkyl of l to 5 carbon atoms.

9. The compound according to claim 3 wherein R is ethyl.

10. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R, R and R are methyl and R is ethyl.

11. The compound of the formula:

claim 3 wherein R is claim 3 wherein R is claim 3 wherein R is claim 3 wherein R is claim 3 wherein R is References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,943,975 7/1960 Metivier 260943 XR 3,053,729 9/1962 Sun 260943 XR FOREIGN PATENTS 636 l/1965 Japan 26 0943 ANTON I-L'SU'ITO, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

260247.l, 293.85, 302 A, 326.82 454, 455 P, 938, 940, 968, 969, 978, 986, 989-, 424-200, 211 

